“Violence in Schools Seems to Be Increasing. Why?”—EducationWeek, November 1, 2021
“Why So Many Teachers Are Thinking of Quitting”—The Washington Post Magazine, October 18, 2021
“Classroom Time Isn’t the Only Thing Students Have Lost”—The Atlantic, September 7, 2021
“Too Much Focus on ‘Learning Loss’ Will Be a Historic Mistake”—edutopia, April 16, 2021
“Even before COVID-19 pandemic, youth suicide already at record high”—UC Davis Health Newsroom, April 8, 2021
Headlines like these are increasingly common as school personnel and students attempt to adjust to the current stage of the pandemic. But the reality is the pandemic only exacerbated the trauma that many students were already experiencing. Upwards of 40 percent of students in the U.S., according to the National Child Traumatic Stress Network, have been exposed to some form of adverse childhood experience (ACE), not to mention those who have been exposed to other potentially traumatic events and stressors.
The impact of trauma on student learning is disastrous. To access the part of our brain where cognitive processing takes place, students must feel safe and secure. Environments that produce feelings of stress and anxiety cause the emotional region of a student’s brain to hijack the cognitive processes in unconscious ways. As one neuroscience researcher recently told us, “If students are in a state of high stress or trauma, the part of the brain that facilitates learning is inaccessible. Student academic achievement rests on the shoulders of student wellness.” Thus, contrary to opinions that it is not the schools’ role to support students’ emotional well-being, neuroscience tells us that, if students who experience trauma are to have a shot at academic achievement, educators should play a critical role.
Doubling down on academic rigor—however well-intentioned—is not the answer. Our staff and students need a different, long-term approach to schooling, one that balances the traditional intense focus on academics with one that promotes psycho-social-emotional well-being. As a middle school principal recently championed during one of our interviews, “The days of primarily focusing on academics are over.”
And it’s not just students who are in crisis. Staff are burning out at higher levels than ever before. A principal recently informed us that his district had to cancel school for a day because hundreds of teachers called in sick in need of a mental health day. Dysregulated adults cannot regulate dysregulated children, so it is equally important that we meet the needs of school staff so that our students’ needs are met.
The stress and adversity that everyone is facing is too overwhelming to ignore any longer. Trauma-informed approaches improve outcomes across school environments and create a better place for all people to be. By addressing the needs that students and staff bring with them to school each day, we can help students better engage with their studies, learn, and develop into the contributing members of society that we so desperately need. By understanding how stress impacts brain functions, we can better support regulation, cultivate resilience, and ultimately help people and environments thrive.
To address the overwhelming adversity and chronic stress that so many staff and students face today, we can teach students regulation skills to increase their ability to focus, learn new skills, and problem-solve at school. However, it is not sufficient to just expect people to work through difficult experiences. We must create environments that prevent adversity and stress in the first place. To reduce the overall impact of trauma, we must transform our school systems to answer two questions:
- When students graduate, what do we want them to be able to do with their knowledge and skills as they confront uncertainty in our complex and rapidly evolving world?
- How do we help students develop a sense of purpose and meaning so that they feel they can have a positive impact in life?
Many schools, districts, and states have successfully moved toward trauma-informed approaches and created these types of safe and supportive school environments. Our recently launched podcast series, Cultivating Resilience: A Whole Community Approach to Alleviating Trauma in Schools, explores promising practices and ways that we can transform the education system to meet the needs of our staff and students. Academics are important, but they’re not more important than educators’ and students’ mental health and wellbeing. That equal emphasis sets the stage for optimal learning and academic achievement, positive relationships, and, ultimately, an improved quality of life.
